Daily Medical Update

Peptic ulcer disease

Tuesday, June 09, 2026

🔬 Practice-Changing Findings
Evidence from RCTs and meta-analyses published in the last 12 months.

1. Approaches for the treatment of perforated peptic ulcers: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Langenbeck's archives of surgery (2025) - Network Meta-Analysis

Key Findings

  • Laparoscopic repair reduced mortality versus open surgery, with an odds ratio of 0.36 (95% CI 0.17-0.75).
  • Laparoscopic management reduced postoperative complications and improved length of stay versus open surgery.
  • Network ranking showed improved overall performance for laparoscopic repair versus other surgical strategies for perforated peptic ulcers.

📋 Practice Implication: For perforated peptic ulcer, surgeons should preferentially use a laparoscopic approach when expertise and patient stability allow because it appears to improve survival and postoperative recovery.

2. Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Fexuprazan and Lansoprazole for the Prevention of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-Induced Peptic Ulcer.

Gut and liver (2025) - Randomized Controlled Trial

Key Findings

  • Fexuprazan achieved ulcer prevention outcomes comparable to lansoprazole over 24 weeks without reducing efficacy.
  • Fexuprazan did not increase gastroduodenal bleeding rates compared with lansoprazole.
  • Fexuprazan did not increase adverse event rates compared with lansoprazole.

📋 Practice Implication: In patients who need chronic NSAID therapy, fexuprazan is a reasonable prophylactic alternative to lansoprazole when a potassium-competitive acid blocker is preferred or already in use.

3. Comparing the efficacy and safety of medications to prevent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers in high-risk patients: A network meta-analysis.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (2025) - Network Meta-Analysis

Key Findings

  • Proton pump inhibitors improved prevention of recurrent NSAID-induced ulcers more than other single-drug strategies in high-risk patients.
  • Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors showed less ulcer-prevention benefit and increased cardiovascular risk concerns.
  • Combination regimens improved protection versus monotherapy in patients with prior ulcer history.

📋 Practice Implication: For patients at highest ulcer risk from NSAIDs, clinicians should keep PPIs as the preventive backbone and escalate to combination protection only when prior ulcer burden justifies the added complexity.

4. Efficacy of Rebamipide in the Prevention of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Gastrointestinal Mucosal Breaks: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The American journal of gastroenterology (2025) - Systematic Review

Key Findings

  • Rebamipide significantly lowered the incidence of NSAID-induced gastrointestinal mucosal breaks versus placebo.
  • Rebamipide did not reduce mucosal protection compared with standard proton pump inhibitors.
  • Long-term rebamipide use did not significantly increase adverse events.

📋 Practice Implication: Rebamipide can be considered when standard PPI prophylaxis is undesirable, unavailable, or poorly tolerated, especially for patients needing ongoing NSAID exposure.

5. Comparison of rebamipide and tegoprazan combination therapy and tegoprazan monotherapy for ESD induced gastric ulcers a randomized multicenter study.

Scientific reports (2025) - Randomized Controlled Trial

Key Findings

  • Rebamipide plus tegoprazan produced a higher week-4 ulcer healing rate than tegoprazan alone (96.4% vs 93.6%).
  • Combination therapy was associated with greater ulcer size reduction and better healing quality by week 8.
  • Combination therapy did not increase adverse events versus tegoprazan monotherapy.

📋 Practice Implication: After endoscopic submucosal dissection, adding rebamipide to tegoprazan may be useful when faster healing quality is clinically important, such as in larger post-ESD ulcers.

💡 Summary

Recent peptic ulcer disease evidence is dominated by prevention and procedural management rather than new eradication strategies. Higher-significance studies support laparoscopic repair for perforated ulcers, confirm strong acid suppression for NSAID-related ulcer prevention, and suggest selected adjunctive mucosal protection can improve healing or reduce injury. The 2025 evidence base therefore reinforces risk-stratified prophylaxis and minimally invasive management for complicated ulcer presentations.

Generated from 120 PubMed abstracts · RCTs and Meta-analyses only

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